Learn bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperm with free interactive flashcards. Definition, structure, classification, characteristics. Bryophytes bryophytes are a group of plant species that reproduce via spores rather than flowers or seeds. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes definition. The term bryophyta was first introduced by braun 1864, however, he included algae, fungi, lichens and mosses in this group. Bryophyte definition, characteristics, life cycle and examples. Most of bryophytes are found in damp environments and lack specialized waterconducting tissues.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. But trust me the first thing that you notice is the abundant foliage of fern plants. The sporangium in all pteridophytes is initiated by the laying down of a crosswall in a superficial cell or a group of cells. There is evidence that roots evolved from subterranean portions of stems. Conclusion bryophytes and pteridophytes are two groups of plants which are neither seed. They are termed as vascular plants as they contain xylem and phloem tissues. In this group, the plant body is differentiated into roots, stem and leaves and has specialized tissue for the conduction of water and other substances from one part of the plant body to another. The diversity increases at tropical and subtropical latitudes. This assessment will assess how well you understand the life. They generally live as an understory plant in shaded, moist areas, although their habitat varies considerably. Pdf difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes. Another term commonly used for this group is nonvascular plants. Firstly all the botanists divided the plant kingdom into two large groups cryptogamia and phanerogamia, linnaeus 1754 used the term cryptogams for the first time for those plants which did not possess visible sex organs. Hornworts, liverworts, and mosses are examples for bryophytes.
Pteridophytes are a group of primitive land plants belongs to the cryptogams. Ferns can be used to illustrate the life cycle stages common to all pteridophytes. Pdf file of the hand out provided see file memoryppt. They usually occur in damp, humid and shaded localities. Dec 05, 2016 pteridophytes are vascular plants and have leaves known as fronds, roots and sometimes true stems, and tree ferns have full trunks. Bryophytes are also called amphibians of the plant kingdom because these plants can live in soil but are dependent on water for sexual reproduction. Species of pteridophytes contained within the plant list belong to 35 plant families and 568 plant genera. Bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperm flashcards.
The term bryophyta is used as a collective name to represent a group of plants that includes the mosses musci, hornworts and liverworts hepaticae growing predominantly in amphibious environment. Marchantiophyta liverworts, bryophyta mosses and anthocerotophyta hornworts. It is important for you to know that bryophytes occupied an evolutionary dead end and they stand alone on the evolutionary ladder. Bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms plant organization the amazing plant race phylum porifera phylum cnidaria phylum platyhelminthes phylum nematoda phylum annelida phylum mollusca phylum arthropoda phylum. The bryophytes are divided into liverworts and mosses. Be aware that some people use this term just to refer to ferns. Introduction to bryophytes introduction to bryophytes. Whats the difference between bryophyte and pteridophyte.
The sporophytes of bryophytes are unbranched, producing a. The sexuality of pteridophyte gametophytes can be classified as follows. Pteridophytes ferns and fern allies the plant list. Start studying bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. The pteridophytes present a great but poorly explored potential as ecological indicators eis, shown only in some sparse studies. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes bryophytes. The bryophytes are a group of simple land plants which in many ways are an evolutionary dead end.
They play an important role in plant succession on bare rockssoil. On the contrary, pteridophytes are vascular plants with xylem and phloem. Pteridophytes general characters and life cycle of ferns email. Many bryophytes usually have the following characteristics. Difference between bryophytes pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Bryophyte definition, characteristics, life cycle and. This lesson describes bryophytes, including mosses, liverworts, and.
As they produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are referred to as cryptogams. Fronds in the largest species of ferns can reach some six metres in length. However, the pteridophytes differ from mosses and seed plants in that both generations are independent and freeliving. These are the first true land plants in the evolution of the plant kingdom. Extant pteridophytes are cosmopolitan but are much better represented in the humid tropics, with only a few families e. General characters with power point presentation ppt bryophytes general characters ppt mosses, liverworts and hornworts secretory tissue in plants ppt structure, classification and examples pteridospermales ppt general characteristics, classification and affinities cassava mosaic disease ppt. Pteridophytes or pteridophyta, in the broad interpretation of the term, are vascular plants plants with xylem and phloem that reproduce and disperse via spores. Pteridophytes are vascular plants and have leaves known as fronds, roots and sometimes true stems, and tree ferns have full trunks. They occupy the position between bryophytes and spermatophytes. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes major. In pteridophytes, sporophyte and gametophyte are separated from each other.
But, the diploid sporophyte is dominant in pteridophytes. The best of the compendium on medicinal uses of 61 different ferns and fernallies of western ghats has been prepared by benjamin and manickam, 2007. Pteridophyta is the most highly evolved group among the cryptogams. They are the first evolved plant group with vascular tissue system for the conduction of water and food materials. For example, moss grows into a dense covering like a mat. In certain pteridophytes the sporangia are produced within specialized structure, the sporocarps e. Examples, hornworts, liverworts, mosses, examples of pteridophytes include ferns, horsetails.
The pteridophytes ferns and fern allies pteridophytes are vascular plants and have leaves known as fronds, roots and sometimes true stems, and tree ferns have full trunks. Plants are eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic organisms that are capable of. Bryophytes is a collective name used for three plant divisions. Bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms plant organization the amazing plant race phylum porifera phylum cnidaria phylum platyhelminthes phylum nematoda phylum annelida phylum mollusca phylum arthropoda phylum echinodermata phylum chordata conclusion. Their leaves are called fronds, which are highly divided except in a few isolated species. Bryophytes and pteridophytes are plants that are classified under kingdom of plantae. The plant list includes a further 3,533 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the pteridophytes. They have leaves, roots, stem and sometimes trunks also. They are chlorophyllous, autotrophic, archegoniate, embryophytic and tracheophytic. Ferns, horsetails often treated as ferns, and lycophytes clubmosses, spikemosses, and quillworts are all pteridophytes.
Examples include ferns, h slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Choose from 109 different sets of bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperm flashcards on quizlet. When you think of forests and woods, you can picture trees, abundant lush green ferns, and other plants. British columbia has the highest bryophyte diversity in canada so this is a wonderful place to study them.
Sporophyte diploid generation is attached to and dependent on the gametophyte for the entire life cycle. The sporophyte was the dominant phase of the life cycle of these early pteridophytes. Both bryophytes and pteridophytes are embryophytes, because they share multicellular sex organs, but bryophytes lack vascular tissues. Read the introductory remarks and list of characteristics of the bryophytes p. In this course we are going to use the term pteridophyte to refer to nonseed vascular plants, i. May 26, 2017 bryophytes are homosporous, whereas pteridophytes can be homosporous or heterosporous. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes with similarities. Spikemosses, clubmosses, ferns, quillworts are the examples of pteridophytes. Pteridophytes were dominant land plants during the carboniferous era and a major source of todays coal and oil. Pteridophytes differ from bryophytes in that the sporophyte is branched and generally much larger and more conspicuous, and from seed plants in that both generations are independent and freeliving. Hornworts, liverworts, and mosses are all examples of bryophytes. A pteridophyte is a vascular plant with xylem and phloem that disperses spores.
Aug 28, 2016 pteridophytes or pteridophyta, in the broad interpretation of the term or sensu lato, are vascular plants plants with xylem and phloem that reproduce and disperse via spores. Pteridophytes general characteristics general characters of pteridophytes the vascular cryptogams pteridophytes are plants with feather like leaves. The plant body of bryophytes is more differentiated than that of algae. Bryophytes plants without well developed vascular systems. Most bryophytes are found in damp environments and consist of three types of nonvascular land plants. Bryophytes are a group of plant species that reproduce via spores rather than flowers or seeds. Introduction to bryophytes pdf format download online e. Useful notes on the classification of pteridophytes. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Plant kingdom thallophytes algae bryophytes pteridophytes. The medicinal uses of some ferns and pteridophytes of india have also been described in some of the recent studies caius, 1935. Bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms pages.
Bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. Bryophyte vs pteridophyte difference and comparison diffen. Similar to the life cycle of seed plants, the pteridophytes also involves the alternation of generations in its life cycle. For example, some bryophytes can survive extended periods more than. Difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes with. In bryophytes, sporophyte and gametophyte are connected with each other physically.
General characteristics of pteridophytes key points easy. Bryophytes mosses, hornworts, and liverworts can be found in all ecosystems of earth. Pteridophytes biology encyclopedia plant, body, different. Bryophytes are non vascular plants while pteridophytes are vascular plants. Ferns, horsetails, spikemosses, club mosses, and quillworts are examples for pteridophytes. Bryophytes and pteridophytes are two groups of plants which are neither seedproducing nor flowering plants.
Gametophytes of bryophytes are always autotrophic and macroscopic. Examples include mosses, liverworts, hornworts of bryophytes while spikemosses, clubmosses, ferns, quillworts are examples of pteridophytes. Key difference bryophytes pteridophytes vs gymnosperms the kingdom plantae is one of the most widespread kingdoms with over 300,000 different species. Unlike the bryophytes, these plants are in the mainstream of land plant evolution and eventually gave rise to the seed plants. In bryophytes, the gametophyte is dominating whereas saprophytes are dominating in pteridophytes.
All pteridophytes have a true alternation of generations, in which a dominant sporophyte generation produces spores through meiosis, and a freeliving gametophyte generation forms gametes egg and sperm by mitosis. In bryophytes, the neck of archegonium is with 5 to 6 neck canal cells. Pteridophytes or pteridophyta, in the broad interpretation of the term or sensu lato, are vascular plants plants with xylem and phloem that reproduce and disperse via spores. Liverworts, hornworts, and mosses are the examples of bryophytes. The first vascular plants rapidly diversified to cover the earth. Bryophytes were a pivotal step in land plant evolution, and their significance in the regulation of ecosystems and the conservation of biodiversity is becoming increasingly acknowledged. Later, algae, fungi and lichens were placed in a separate division thallophyta and liverworts, mosses in division bryophyta. In bryophytes, antheridium is stacked while in pteridophytes, it is sessile.
Nov 07, 2017 some examples of pteridophyta are as follows. Mar 08, 2016 the bryophytes are divided into liverworts and mosses. Pteridophytes provide clues to evolution of roots and leaves 1. Moss is a bryophyte, a type of nonvascular plant found near fresh water. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as cryptogams, meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden. Firstly, pteridophytes are the vascular plants plants having xylem and phloem that reproduces via spores. Haeckel 1866 called these groups of plants as pteridophytes because of their pinnate or feather like fronds leaves. The plant list includes 46,428 scientific plant names of species rank for the pteridophytes. Pteridophyta characteristics, life cycle, classification.
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